18th
06 -
2009
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Transformer is a static device which electric power is transformed from one circuit to another circuit of same frequency.
Transformers are used to increase or decrease the voltage that is to be transformed across it with the corresponding decrease or increase in current.
Transformer works under the principle of mutual induction.
It consists of two inductive coils that are electrically separated but magnetically linked. Two coils i.e., primary and secondary, are wound on laminated core.
When current is allowed to pass through the primary coil, by mutual induction e.m.f will be induced in the secondary coil thereby developing mutually – induced e.m.f. By changing the number of turns in the primary and secondary coil, the voltage can be increased or decreased.
So, in general transformer is a device that is used to transfer power from one circuit to another circuit without any change in frequency by the principle of mutual induction.
2nd
06 -
2009
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RESISTANCE
Resistance is defined as the substance that opposes the flow of electric current. It can be connected either in series to the circuit or in parallel. It is measured in ohm (Ω) and represented as R. Resistance of a component in a circuit will be 1 ohm, when an electric current of 1A flows through that component with potential difference of 1V across it.
CAPACITANCE
Capacitor is a component that is used to store energy in the form of electrostatic field. It is passive element. It consists of two conducting plates that are separated by insulating material. The insulating material is called as dielectric. Standard unit of capacitance is farad (F) and represented as C. Capacitance depends on the dielectric constant of the insulating material. It is directly proportional to the surface area of the two plates and inversely proportional to the distance between the two plates.
INDUCTANCE
Inductor is a component that is used to store energy in the form of magnetic field. It is a passive element. Inductance depends on the radius of the coil, type of material used and it is directly proportional to the number of turns in the coil. Standard unit of inductance is Henry (H) and it is represented as L.
1st
06 -
2009
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no comment »
CURRENT
Current is defined as the flow of electric charge carriers, usually electrons are the charge carriers. The flow of charge carriers will be from negative charge to positive charge as the electrons are negatively charged. But physicists consider that the flow of current is from the positive to the negative, which is referred as conventional current. Standard unit of current is ampere (A). It is represented as I.
VOLTAGE
Voltage is defined as the potential difference between two points in an electric field. For a fixed resistance, as the voltage increases across the resistance, the current gets reduced. Standard unit for voltage is volt (V), represented either as V or E. It is also defined as the product of current (I) and resistance (R).
POWER
The rate at which the electrical energy is converted into any other form of energy i.e., heat, motion, etc., is referred as Power. It is measured in watt (W) and represented as P. It can be generally defined as the product of voltage (V) and current (I).
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